What Should Patients Know About Migraine Medications?

Migraine medications fall into two main categories: acute treatments that stop attacks in progress and preventive treatments that reduce frequency and severity. Acute treatments work best when taken early during a migraine attack, while preventive medications are taken regularly even when symptom-free. Understanding the difference helps patients work with their healthcare providers to develop an effective treatment plan.

Acute migraine treatments include oral medications like gepants (CGRP receptor antagonists), triptans, and NSAIDs. Some patients may benefit from newer options that dissolve under the tongue or are administered as nasal sprays. The choice depends on individual factors including migraine characteristics, other health conditions, and previous treatment responses.

Preventive treatments are recommended for patients experiencing frequent migraines or those significantly impacting daily life. Options include oral medications taken daily, monthly injections, or quarterly treatments administered by healthcare providers. CGRP-targeted therapies represent a newer class specifically designed for migraine prevention.

Patients should maintain a migraine diary to track triggers, symptoms, and medication effectiveness. This information helps healthcare providers optimize treatment plans and identify patterns. It's important to follow prescribed dosing schedules and discuss any concerns or side effects with your healthcare team promptly.